How To Make A Home Recording Studio

A home recording studio offers a multitude of benefits for audio enthusiasts and professionals alike. From the convenience of working in a familiar environment to the flexibility of scheduling, a home studio provides a comfortable and efficient space for creating music, podcasts, voiceovers, and other audio projects. Its versatility allows for seamless transitions between different types of recordings, making it a valuable asset for anyone looking to pursue their passion for sound production.

In my experience, having a home studio has proven to be one of the most liberating efforts I have ever done for my music. However, this is no small feat and took me many years to get to a point where I was happy with what I have… and even then I always look for ways to improve it. As a professor, I teach my students how to approach building a home studio that works for them and show them ways on how to take it to a level that can actually compete with the industry standard.

Choose the Right Space

When setting up a home recording studio, one of the most common questions people have is about choosing the right room. Rooms like the living room or a bedroom are often considered for this purpose due to their availability and convenience. However, it’s crucial to understand the importance of selecting an appropriate room based on acoustics and isolation.

The acoustics of a room greatly impact the quality of recordings. Rooms with hard surfaces like tile floors and bare walls can cause sound reflections and reverberations, leading to a less-than-ideal recording environment. On the other hand, rooms with carpeted floors, curtains, and acoustic treatments can help absorb sound and create a more controlled acoustic space.

Isolation is another key factor to consider, especially if you’re recording in a shared living space. A room with good isolation minimizes external noises such as traffic, neighbors, or household activities from interfering with your recordings. This can be achieved through soundproofing techniques like adding acoustic panels, sealing gaps around doors and windows, and using double-layered walls.

As for space requirements, the size of your studio depends on the type of projects you’ll be working on and the equipment you’ll be using. For example, a small vocal booth may only need a few square feet, while a full-fledged music production studio with multiple instruments and recording stations may require a larger area.

Dealing with common space challenges in homes involves creative solutions. For instance, using furniture like bookshelves or heavy curtains can act as makeshift sound barriers. Placing your recording equipment strategically and using portable acoustic panels can also help optimize the acoustics in smaller rooms. Additionally, investing in high-quality headphones for monitoring can reduce the reliance on loudspeakers, minimizing sound leakage into other areas of the house.

Soundproofing and Acoustic Treatment

Soundproofing and acoustic treatment are two distinct but complementary aspects of creating an optimal recording environment in a home studio.

1. Soundproofing: Soundproofing focuses on preventing external noises from entering the room and minimizing sound leakage from the room to the outside. This is crucial for maintaining a quiet and undisturbed recording environment. Some DIY solutions for soundproofing include:
   • Sealing gaps around doors and windows with weatherstripping or acoustic caulk.
   • Adding heavy curtains or soundproof curtains to windows to block out external noise.
   • Installing door sweeps or soundproofing door seals to reduce sound transmission through doors.
   • Using soundproofing foam or acoustic panels on walls and ceilings to absorb sound and prevent it from bouncing back into the room.
   Professional soundproofing options may include:
   • Installing soundproofing materials like mass-loaded vinyl (MLV) or resilient channels in walls and ceilings.
   • Building a room within a room (room-within-a-room construction) to create an isolated space with minimal sound transmission.
   • Adding double-glazed windows or soundproof windows for enhanced noise reduction.
2. Acoustic Treatment: Acoustic treatment focuses on controlling sound reflections and reverberations within the room to achieve a balanced and accurate listening environment. DIY acoustic treatment solutions include:
   • Placing bass traps in corners to absorb low-frequency sound waves and reduce bass buildup.
   • Using acoustic panels or diffusers on walls and ceilings to scatter and absorb mid and high-frequency sound waves.
   • Hanging heavy drapes or tapestries to break up sound reflections and improve room acoustics.
   Professional acoustic treatment options may involve:
   • Installing specialized acoustic panels with tuned absorption characteristics for precise control of room acoustics.
   • Using diffusers to scatter sound waves evenly throughout the room, preventing standing waves and flutter echoes.
   • Implementing room measurement and acoustic analysis to identify specific acoustic issues and tailor treatment solutions accordingly.

Combining both soundproofing and acoustic treatment techniques is often necessary to create an ideal recording environment with minimal external noise interference and optimized internal acoustics. The choice between DIY solutions and professional options depends on factors such as budget, space constraints, and the level of sound quality required for your recordings.

What Do I Need?

For a basic home studio setup, there are several must-have pieces of equipment that beginners should consider. Here’s an overview along with recommendations for budget-friendly options:

1. Computer: A reliable computer is the heart of your home studio, used for recording, editing, and producing audio. For beginners on a budget, consider a mid-range laptop or desktop with sufficient RAM (at least 16GB) and a decent processor (Intel Core i7, similar or above).
2. Digital Audio Workstation (DAW) Software: Choose a DAW that suits your workflow and budget. Popular options for beginners include:
   • Avid’s Pro Tools
   • Apple’s Logic Pro
   • Ableton’s Live
   • Steinberg’s Cubase
   • Cakewalk’s Sonar
   • Presonus’ Studio One
   • Cockos’ Reaper
3. Audio Interface: An audio interface allows you to connect microphones, instruments, and monitors to your computer. Look for interfaces with at least two microphone/instrument inputs and good preamps. Budget-friendly options include:
   • Focusrite Scarlett Solo or 2i2: Affordable and reliable interfaces with good preamps.
   • PreSonus AudioBox USB 96: A budget-friendly interface with solid performance.
4. Microphone: A versatile microphone is essential for recording vocals and instruments. For beginners, a good starting microphone is the:
   • Audio-Technica AT2020: A budget-friendly condenser microphone suitable for vocals and acoustic instruments.
   • Shure SM7B: another budget-friendly dynamic microphone that is great for growls and screams.
5. Studio Monitors or Headphones: Quality monitoring is crucial for accurate mixing and mastering. Budget-friendly options include:
   • Monitors: Kali Audio Monitors like the P-6 V2 and LP-8 V2 are affordable yet decent-sounding options.
   • Headphones: Audio-Technica ATH-M50x or AKG K240 Studio offer good sound quality at a reasonable price. A higher-tier but affordable option for quality headphones are the Audeze MM-100s.
6. Acoustic Treatment: Improve your room’s acoustics with budget-friendly solutions like DIY bass traps (using rockwool or foam), acoustic panels (DIY or pre-made), and thick curtains or rugs to reduce sound reflections.
7. MIDI Controller: Optional but useful for virtual instrument control and music production. Budget-friendly options include the Akai MPK Mini or Novation Launchkey Mini. Native Instruments’ Kontrol series are great.
8. Cables and Accessories: Don’t forget to budget for XLR cables, microphone stands, pop filters, and other accessories to complete your setup.

By prioritizing essential equipment and opting for budget-friendly options, beginners can set up a functional home studio without breaking the bank while still achieving good audio quality for their projects.

Setting Up Your Equipment

When designing a home recording studio, considering ergonomics and incorporating egress (a way to exit the space) are essential for creating a functional and comfortable environment. Here are answers to the questions related to these aspects:

1. Does it look like a studio? The aesthetics of your studio can influence how it feels to work in. Consider adding elements like soundproofing panels, diffusers, and acoustic treatments to create a professional studio look and feel.
2. Is it comfortable? Good seating and workspace are key. Invest in ergonomic furniture such as a comfortable chair with proper back support and a height-adjustable desk or workstation to ensure comfort during long recording or editing sessions.
3. Do I want to spend time there? A well-designed and inviting studio space can make you want to spend more time working on your projects. Personalize the space with inspiring decor, artwork, and comfortable lighting to enhance the ambiance.
4. Is the ceiling too low, is the lighting bad, etc.? Pay attention to the physical characteristics of the room. Ensure adequate ceiling height for equipment and lighting fixtures. Install proper lighting, preferably adjustable and diffused, to avoid glare and create a conducive working environment.
5. Do you need help? Interior designers can help as can a sympathetic partner. Consider consulting with an interior designer or seeking input from someone familiar with studio design to optimize the layout, aesthetics, and functionality of your space.
6. Do you have columns, existing walls, existing plumbing that have to be moved? Take into account any structural elements that may impact the layout and design of your studio. Plan accordingly to work around or modify these elements as needed.
7. Are there load restrictions that will impact how much build-out can be done? Consider any load-bearing restrictions or building codes that may affect the extent of renovations or build-out in your studio space. Consult with a professional if necessary to ensure compliance and safety.
8. Do you need to add an addition to the house that is as big as the house? If a significant expansion or addition to your house is required for the studio, carefully evaluate the feasibility, costs, and zoning regulations before proceeding with such a project.

By addressing these questions and considerations, you can create a home recording studio that not only meets your technical needs but also provides a comfortable and enjoyable workspace conducive to creativity and productivity.

Creating an Inspiring Environment

A creative and comfortable workspace is crucial for fostering productivity, inspiration, and innovation in any creative endeavor, including home recording studios. Let’s expand on the importance of such a workspace and ideas for personalizing your studio space to boost creativity:

1. Importance of a Creative and Comfortable Workspace:
   • Productivity: A well-designed workspace can enhance focus and productivity by minimizing distractions and creating an environment conducive to work.
   • Inspiration: A visually appealing and stimulating environment can spark creativity and encourage experimentation with new ideas and concepts.
   • Comfort: Comfortable seating, proper lighting, and ergonomic design contribute to physical well-being and can reduce fatigue during long recording or editing sessions.
2. Ideas for Personalizing Your Studio Space:
   • Color Scheme: Choose colors that inspire you and promote a positive mood. Consider using a combination of calming tones (e.g., blues, greens) and energizing accents (e.g., yellows, oranges) to create a balanced atmosphere. I personally use a combination of black, red, beige, white and wood textures.
   • Artwork and Decor: Display artwork, posters, or photos that reflect your interests, passions, and creative style. Incorporate elements that motivate and inspire you, such as quotes, musical instruments, or memorabilia. I love to have my computer cycle through my Homerik artwork as the wallpaper.
   • Functional Layout: Arrange your studio equipment and furniture in a way that optimizes workflow and accessibility. Keep frequently used items within reach and create designated zones for recording, editing, and relaxation. Think about a cup holder! (Talking from experience…!)
   • Personal Touches: Add personal touches like plants, candles, or decorative items that bring warmth and character to the space. These elements can contribute to a sense of ownership and make the studio feel more personalized.
   • Creative Storage Solutions: Use creative storage solutions such as shelves, racks, and storage bins to keep your space organized and clutter-free. A tidy workspace can enhance focus and creativity.
   • Inspiration Board: Create an inspiration board or wall where you can pin ideas, sketches, lyrics, or images that inspire your creative process. This visual reference can serve as a source of motivation and ideas.
   • Flexible Lighting: Install adjustable lighting fixtures or use smart lighting solutions to customize the lighting ambiance based on your mood and creative needs. Experiment with different lighting schemes for different activities, such as recording, mixing, or brainstorming. The Philips Hue lighting package is a bit expensive all at once, but its cohesive system is completely worth it and can be built over time.

By personalizing your studio space with these ideas, you can create a unique and inspiring environment that fuels creativity, boosts productivity, and enhances your overall experience in the home recording studio.

Budgeting and Upgrades

Now, I completely understand that it’s easy to judge a recording system as “I’ll never achieve that,” or “you have to be rich to have a studio,” when that can be the furthest thing from the truth! If you’re patient enough and determined enough you will find that building your studio over time is very doable and looking in the right places can really help you acquire gear that would otherwise be unreachable (e.g. eBay, Reverb.com, etc.). Take a look at the slideshow above to see my progress.

Fun fact: my Dunlavys were bought about a decade ago on eBay for $400! One of the woofers was ripped and I bought a replacement and it sounded brand-spankin’-new!

When building or upgrading a home recording studio, the cost can vary widely depending on factors such as the size of the studio, the quality of equipment, and the level of professionalization desired. Here are strategies for budgeting your home studio setup and advice on when and how to consider upgrading your equipment:

1. Budgeting Strategies for Home Studio Setup:
   • Set Priorities: Determine your priorities and allocate your budget accordingly. Focus on essential items such as a computer, audio interface, microphone, and monitoring equipment before investing in additional gear.
   • Research and Comparison: Research different brands, models, and prices to find budget-friendly options that meet your needs. Compare features, read reviews, and consider refurbished or second-hand equipment to save money.
   • DIY Solutions: Explore DIY solutions for acoustic treatment, furniture, and accessories to save on costs. For example, you can build your own acoustic panels, equipment racks, or cable organizers.
   • Phased Approach: Consider a phased approach to building your studio, starting with basic equipment and gradually upgrading or adding new gear as your budget allows. This can help spread out costs over time and prioritize essential purchases.
   • Budget Buffer: Include a buffer in your budget for unexpected expenses or upgrades that may arise during the setup process. It’s better to have some flexibility in your budget to accommodate changes or improvements.
2. Advice on Upgrading Equipment:
   • Assess Needs vs. Wants: Before upgrading equipment, assess whether it’s a necessity or a desire. Focus on upgrading items that significantly impact the quality of your recordings or workflow.
   • Evaluate Performance: Regularly evaluate the performance of your equipment to identify any limitations or areas for improvement. Consider factors such as sound quality, reliability, compatibility, and workflow efficiency.
   • Budget Considerations: When budgeting for upgrades, prioritize based on the impact and cost-effectiveness of each upgrade. Allocate funds for critical upgrades first, such as microphones, monitors, or software plugins that enhance your creative process and final output.
   • Upgrade Gradually: Rather than replacing all equipment at once, consider upgrading gradually over time. This allows you to spread out costs, adapt to new technologies, and make informed decisions based on evolving needs and preferences.
   • Sell or Trade-In: If upgrading involves replacing existing equipment, consider selling or trading in old gear to offset the cost of new purchases. This can also free up space and declutter your studio.

By following these budgeting strategies and considering when and how to upgrade your equipment thoughtfully, you can build and maintain a home recording studio that meets your needs, fits your budget, and supports your creative endeavors effectively.

Starting a home recording studio can be a thrilling journey filled with opportunities for creativity and growth. Begin by setting priorities and budgeting wisely for essential equipment such as a computer, audio interface, microphone, and monitoring devices. Choose an appropriate room with consideration for acoustics, isolation, and ergonomics, and personalize your studio space with decor, lighting, and a functional layout. Assess your equipment needs versus wants, evaluate performance regularly, and prioritize upgrades based on impact and cost-effectiveness. Embrace the journey of starting small and gradually improving your studio over time, focusing on building a solid foundation, honing your skills, and investing in improvements as your budget and experience grow. With dedication, creativity, and strategic planning, your home recording studio can evolve into a space that inspires and empowers your artistic vision.

Resources for Further Learning

• Auralex Acoustics
• Primacoustic
• Gearspace
• Sweetwater
• Sound On Sound

Getting Started with Metal Studio Designer

Getting down to the nitty-gritty of studio construction is too much to be able to say in one article. If you’re serious about learning how sound works in order to get the best results for your studio, enroll in Metal Studio Designer. Despite the name having the words “metal”, it’s actually a pretty wide topic that doesn’t really concern genres at all and will serve you in any capacity of music.

The biggest take-away here is that I teach you everything you need to know when it comes to doing this yourself at a fraction of the price it would take to go to a university. I’ve taught at three universities and can safely say that you’ll get a LOT more for your money’s worth here. But don’t just take it from me, look at what some of my students have made: